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本研究旨在了解新疆南疆甜瓜内生菌和根际土微生物的多样性，并利用分离的微生物筛选对甜瓜枯萎病和细菌性果斑病病原菌具有抑菌作用的菌株。采用稀释涂布平板法从甜瓜根、茎、叶和根际土中分离微生物。通过细菌16S rRNA和真菌ITS基因测序鉴定菌株，分析甜瓜内生菌和根际土微生物物种多样性。以甜瓜枯萎病和细菌性果斑病病原菌为靶标菌，通过打孔法测定菌株发酵液乙酸乙酯粗浸膏的抑菌活性。结果从甜瓜根中分离获得21株细菌、1株真菌，细菌分属于12属15种；甜瓜茎中分离获得19株细菌、2株真菌，细菌分属于4属4种，真菌分属于2属2种；甜瓜叶中分离获得1株细菌；甜瓜根际土中分离获得26株细菌、9株真菌，细菌分属于16属22种，真菌分属于4属8种。从属水平分析微杆菌属(Microbacterium)微生物种类最多，为优势菌属。甜瓜不同组织部位中物种丰富度上具有一定差异，具体表现为根际土>根>茎>叶。抑菌活性筛选表明，分离到的菌株中有11株菌的发酵液乙酸乙酯粗浸膏对甜瓜细菌性果斑病病原菌具有抑菌活性，抑菌圈直径超过30 mm的有6株(LG-11、T-1、T-2、T-6、T-8和T-26)。本研究分析了新疆南疆甜瓜内生菌和根际土微生物的多样性，为研发安全、环保型生物菌剂防治甜瓜相关病害提供了种质资源。
Abstract：The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of endophytic and rhizosphere soil microorganisms of Cucumis melo L. in Southern Xinjiang, and screen for strains with antibacterial activity against the pathogens of muskmelon fusarium wilt and bacterial fruit blotch of melon. Microorganisms were isolated from the roots, stems, leaves, and rhizosphere soil of Cucumis melo L. using the dilution plate method. The diversity of endophytic and rhizosphere soil microorganisms in Cucumis melo L. was identified through bacterial 16S rRNA and fungal ITS gene sequencing. The antibacterial activity of ethyl acetate crude extract of the fermentation broth of the isolated strains was determined by punching method, against the pathogens of muskmelon fusarium wilt and bacterial fruit blotch of melon. 21 bacteria of 12 genera and 15 species and 1 fungus were isolated from the roots of Cucumis melo L.; 19 bacteria of 4 genera and 4 species and 2 fungi of 2 genera and 2 species were isolated from the stems; 1 bacterium was isolated from the leaves; 26 bacteria of 16 genera and 22 species and 9 fungi of 4 genera and 8 species were isolated from the rhizosphere soil. Microbacterium is the most dominant genus. There were difference in species richness among different tissues of Cucumis melo L., in the rhizosphere soil>root>stem>leaf. Antibacterial activity screening showed that 11 strains had antibacterial activity against the pathogen of bacterial fruit blotch of melon, and 6 strains(LG-11, T-1, T-2, T-6, T-8 and T-26)had antibacterial zones with diameters over 30 mm. This study revealed the diversity of endophytic and rhizosphere soil microorganisms of Cucumis melo L. in Southern Xinjiang, which provides resources for the development of safe and environmentally friendly microbial agents for controlling Cucumis melo L. related diseases.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:S436.5
引用信息:
[1]孙蓓蓓,周宇,吴璨,等.甜瓜内生菌和根际土微生物的多样性及抑菌活性筛选[J].塔里木大学学报,2025,37(06):24-34.
基金信息:
新疆生产建设兵团指导性科技计划项目(2022ZD115); 塔里木大学校长基金一般项目(TDZKYB202203)
2024-09-08
2024
2025-11-12
2024-12-09
2024
1
2025-12-15
2025-12-15