塔里木大学学报

采用全面清查法对新疆胡杨和灰杨古树资源进行信息采集并分析古树资源现状及存在的问题。结果表明:新疆10个地(州、市)的28个县(市、区)有胡杨古树资源分布;3个地(州、市)的9个县(市、区)有灰杨古树资源分布。各地(州、市)古树资源数量占总数量的比例:阿克苏地区、巴音郭楞蒙古自治州分别为39.53%、26.36%,其余单一地区的占比不超过10%。古树树龄结构呈金字塔形,一级、二级和三级树龄古树分别占总数的2.32%、17.82%、79.84%。118份胡杨和11份灰杨古树资源中,干旱荒漠和荒漠河岸的生境类型分布比例分别为15.25%、39.83%,农田附近及市区的生境类型分布比例分别为26.27%、18.65%,表明古树资源原生境分布受到农田开垦、城市规划等人为干扰的影响。为保护新疆胡杨和灰杨古树种质资源,建议进一步加强对所有古树资源的原地保护并保存其DNA资源。

The comprehensive inventory method was used to collect information on the ancient tree resources of P. euphratica and P.pruinosa in Xinjiang and analyze the current situations and problems of the ancient tree resources. The results show: there were ancient tree resources of P. euphratica in 28 counties of 10 states, and of P. pruinosa in 9 counties of 3 states, in Xinjiang. The number of ancient tree resources in Aksu Prefecture and in Bayinguole Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture accounted for 39.53% and 26.36%of the total resources, respectively. The proportion of other single Prefecture was less than 10%. The age structure of acient trees presented the pyramidal shape. And the number of the first, the second and the third class acient trees accounted for 2.32%, 17.82%and 79.84% of the total, respectively. Among the ancient tree resources of 118 P. euphratica and 11 P. pruinosa trees, the distribution ratios of the habitat type in arid deserts, desert riverbanks, near farmland and urban areas were 15.25%, 39.83%,26.27% and18.65%, respectively. These results suggesting that the virgin habitat distribution of acient tree resources of P. euphratica and P. pruinosa was affected by not only the change of water resource, but also human disturbance, such as farmland reclamation, urban planning, and so on. So that, we suggested that all the ancient tree resources should be protected in situ and their DNA resources should be preserved.